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A working handbook for data and software engineering.

Hands-on tutorials by Alex Merced on Apache Iceberg, the data lakehouse, pipelines, agentic AI, and the languages and tools that hold it all together.

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  1. 01Star Schema vs. Snowflake Schema: When to Use EachBoth star schemas and snowflake schemas are dimensional models. They both organize data into fact tables (measurable events) and dimension tables (context ab...
  2. 02Data Modeling for the Lakehouse: What ChangesTraditional data modeling assumed you controlled the database. You defined schemas up front, enforced foreign keys at write time, and optimized with indexes....
  3. 03Dimensional Modeling: Facts, Dimensions, and GrainsDimensional modeling is the most widely used approach for organizing analytics data. Developed by Ralph Kimball, it structures data into two types of tables:...
  4. 04Slowly Changing Dimensions: Types 1-3 with ExamplesDimensions change. A customer moves cities. A product gets reclassified. An employee changes departments. How your data model handles these changes determine...
  5. 05Data Modeling for Analytics: Optimize for Queries, Not TransactionsThe data model that runs your production application is almost never the right model for analytics. Transactional systems are designed for fast writes : in...
  6. 06Denormalization: When and Why to Flatten Your DataNormalization is the first rule taught in database design. Eliminate redundancy. Store each fact once. Use foreign keys. It's the right rule for transactiona...